1.Ni ubuhe buryo bukoreshwa cyane mu gukonjesha moteri y'ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi?
Imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV) zikoresha ibisubizo bitandukanye byo gukonjesha kugirango zicunge ubushyuhe butangwa na moteri. Ibi bisubizo birimo:
Gukonjesha Amazi: Kuzenguruka amazi akonje binyuze mumiyoboro imbere ya moteri nibindi bice. Ifasha kugumana ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukora, bikavamo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bukabije ugereranije no gukonjesha ikirere.
Gukonjesha ikirere: Umwuka uzenguruka hejuru ya moteri kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe. Nubwo gukonjesha ikirere byoroshye kandi byoroshye, imikorere yacyo ntishobora kuba nziza nko gukonjesha amazi, cyane cyane mubikorwa byinshi cyangwa byinshi biremereye.
Gukonjesha Amavuta: Amavuta akurura ubushyuhe kuri moteri hanyuma akazenguruka muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha.
Gukonjesha mu buryo butaziguye: Gukonjesha mu buryo butaziguye bivuga gukoresha ibicurane cyangwa firigo kugirango ukonje mu buryo butaziguye stator ihindagurika hamwe na rotor, bigenzura neza ubushyuhe mubikorwa bikoreshwa cyane.
Ibikoresho byo guhindura icyiciro (PCM): Ibyo bikoresho bikurura kandi bikarekura ubushyuhe mugihe cyinzibacyuho, bitanga imicungire yubushyuhe bwa pasiporo. Bafasha kugenzura ubushyuhe no kugabanya ibikenewe muburyo bukonje.
Guhindura ubushyuhe: Guhindura ubushyuhe birashobora guhererekanya ubushyuhe hagati ya sisitemu zitandukanye zamazi, nko guhererekanya ubushyuhe muri moteri ikonjesha kabine cyangwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha bateri.
Guhitamo gukonjesha biterwa nibintu nkibishushanyo mbonera, ibisabwa gukora, imicungire yumuriro, hamwe nogukoresha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Imodoka nyinshi zamashanyarazi zihuza ubu buryo bwo gukonjesha kugirango zorohereze imikorere kandi zizere kuramba kwa moteri.
2.Ni ubuhe buryo bukomeye bwo gukonjesha?
Sisitemu ebyiri zo gukonjesha: Izi sisitemu zikoresha ibikoresho byo guhindura icyiciro (PCM) kugirango zinjize kandi zirekure ubushyuhe mugihe ziva mumazi zijya muri gaze. Ibi birashobora gutanga ibisubizo bikonje kandi byoroshye kubice byimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, harimo moteri nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
Gukonjesha Microchannel: Gukonjesha Microchannel bivuga gukoresha imiyoboro mito muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha kugirango yongere ubushyuhe. Iri koranabuhanga rirashobora kunoza ubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kugabanya ingano nuburemere bwibice bikonje.
Gukonjesha Amazi meza: Gukonjesha mu buryo butaziguye bivuga kuzenguruka gukonjesha muri moteri cyangwa ikindi kintu gitanga ubushyuhe. Ubu buryo bushobora gutanga ubushyuhe bwuzuye no gukuraho ubushyuhe neza, bufasha kunoza imikorere ya sisitemu yose.
Ubukonje bwa Thermoelectric: Ibikoresho bya Thermoelectric birashobora guhindura itandukaniro ryubushyuhe muri voltage, bigatanga inzira yo gukonjesha kwiherereye mubice bimwe byimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Iri koranabuhanga rifite ubushobozi bwo gukemura intego zishyushye no guhuza neza ubukonje.
Imiyoboro y'Ubushyuhe: Imiyoboro ishyushye ni ibikoresho byohereza ubushyuhe bwifashisha ihame ryo guhindura icyiciro kugirango ihererekanyabubasha neza. Irashobora kwinjizwa mubice byamashanyarazi kugirango itezimbere imikorere ikonje.
Imicungire yubushyuhe bukora: Igenzura ryambere algorithms na sensor bikoreshwa muguhindura imbaraga za sisitemu yo gukonjesha hashingiwe kumibare yubushyuhe bwigihe. Ibi bitanga uburyo bwiza bwo gukonjesha mugihe hagabanijwe gukoresha ingufu.
Amashanyarazi ahindagurika yihuta: Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ya Tesla irashobora gukoresha pompe yihuta kugirango ihindure umuvuduko ukabije ukurikije ubushyuhe, bityo bigabanye uburyo bwo gukonjesha no kugabanya ingufu zikoreshwa.
Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ya Hybrid: Gukomatanya uburyo bwinshi bwo gukonjesha, nko gukonjesha amazi no gukonjesha icyiciro cyangwa gukonjesha mikorobe, birashobora gutanga igisubizo cyuzuye mugutezimbere ubushyuhe no gucunga ubushyuhe.
Twabibutsa ko kugirango tubone amakuru agezweho kubijyanye na tekinoroji igezweho yo gukonjesha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, birasabwa kugisha inama ibitabo byinganda, impapuro zubushakashatsi, n’abakora ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi.
3. Ni izihe mbogamizi zitezimbere zo gukonjesha moteri zihura nazo?
Ingorabahizi nigiciro: Gukoresha sisitemu yo gukonjesha igezweho nko gukonjesha amazi, ibikoresho byo guhindura ibyiciro, cyangwa gukonjesha microchannel bizongera umurego wo gushushanya ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi nuburyo bwo gukora. Ibi bigoye bizaganisha kumusaruro mwinshi no kubungabunga.
Kwishyira hamwe no gupakira: Kwinjiza sisitemu yo gukonjesha igezweho mumwanya muto wimiterere yimodoka yamashanyarazi biragoye. Kugenzura umwanya ukwiye wo gukonjesha no gucunga inzira zuzenguruka bishobora kugorana cyane bitabangamiye imiterere yikinyabiziga cyangwa umwanya.
Kubungabunga no Gusana: Sisitemu yo gukonjesha igezweho irashobora gusaba kubungabunga no gusana byihariye, bishobora kuba bigoye kuruta ibisubizo bikonje gakondo. Ibi birashobora kongera amafaranga yo kubungabunga no gusana abafite ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.
Gukoresha neza no gukoresha ingufu: Bumwe muburyo bukonje bwo gukonjesha, nko gukonjesha amazi, birashobora gusaba imbaraga zinyongera mugukora pompe no gutembera kwamazi. Kubona uburinganire hagati yo kunoza ubukonje no kongera ingufu zikoreshwa ningorabahizi.
Guhuza Ibikoresho: Mugihe uhitamo ibikoresho bya sisitemu yo gukonjesha igezweho, hagomba kwitabwaho neza kugirango habeho guhuza ibicurane, amavuta, nandi mazi. Kudahuza bishobora gutera ruswa, kumeneka, cyangwa ibindi bibazo.
Urunigi rwo gukora no gutanga amasoko: Gukoresha tekinoroji nshya yo gukonjesha birashobora gusaba impinduka mubikorwa byo gukora no gutanga amasoko, bishobora kuvamo gutinda k'umusaruro cyangwa ibibazo.
Kwizerwa no kuramba: Kwemeza igihe kirekire kwizerwa no kuramba kubisubizo bikonje bikonje ni ngombwa. Imikorere mibi muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha irashobora gutuma habaho ubushyuhe bwinshi, imikorere idahwitse, ndetse no kwangiza ibice bikomeye.
Ingaruka ku bidukikije: Gukora no kujugunya ibikoresho bigezweho byo gukonjesha (nk'ibikoresho byo guhindura ibyiciro cyangwa amazi yihariye) bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bidukikije kandi bigomba gutekerezwa.
Nubwo hari izo mbogamizi, ubushakashatsi bujyanye nakazi hamwe niterambere biratezwa imbere cyane, kandi mugihe kizaza, ibyo bisubizo bikonje bizakorwa neza, neza, kandi byizewe. Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga hamwe no kwegeranya uburambe, izo mbogamizi zizagenda zigabanuka buhoro buhoro.
4.Ni ibihe bintu bigomba kwitabwaho mugushushanya sisitemu yo gukonjesha moteri?
Ubushyuhe: Sobanukirwa nubushyuhe bwa moteri mubihe bitandukanye bikora. Ibi birimo ibintu nkibisohoka ingufu, umutwaro, umuvuduko, nigihe cyo gukora.
Uburyo bukonje: Hitamo uburyo bukonje bukwiye, nko gukonjesha amazi, gukonjesha ikirere, ibikoresho byo guhindura ibyiciro, cyangwa gukonjesha. Reba ibyiza n'ibibi bya buri buryo ukurikije ibisabwa byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe n'umwanya uhari wa moteri.
Ahantu ho gucunga ubushyuhe: Menya ahantu runaka muri moteri isaba gukonja, nka stator ihindagurika, rotor, ibyuma, nibindi bice byingenzi. Ibice bitandukanye bya moteri birashobora gusaba ingamba zitandukanye zo gukonjesha.
Ubushuhe bwo Kwimura Ubushuhe: Shushanya neza uburyo bwo guhererekanya ubushyuhe, nka fins, imiyoboro, cyangwa imiyoboro yubushyuhe, kugirango ubushyuhe bugabanuke neza kuri moteri kugeza muburyo bukonje.
Guhitamo gukonjesha: Hitamo ibicurane bikwiye cyangwa ubushyuhe bwamazi kugirango utange ubushyuhe bwiza, kwimura, no kurekura. Reba ibintu nkubushyuhe bwumuriro, guhuza nibikoresho, ningaruka kubidukikije.
Igipimo cyo gutembera no kuzenguruka: Menya igipimo gikenewe cyo gukonjesha nuburyo bwo kuzenguruka kugirango ukureho ubushyuhe bwa moteri kandi ugumane ubushyuhe buhamye.
Ingano ya pompe nabafana: Menya neza ingano ya pompe ikonjesha hamwe nabafana kugirango urebe neza ko amazi akonje hamwe nu mwuka uhagije kugirango ukonje neza, mugihe wirinze gukoresha ingufu nyinshi.
Kugenzura Ubushyuhe: Shyira mubikorwa gahunda yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa moteri mugihe nyacyo kandi uhindure ibipimo bikonje bikwiranye. Ibi birashobora gusaba gukoresha ubushyuhe bwa sensor, kugenzura, hamwe na moteri.
Kwishyira hamwe nizindi sisitemu: Menya neza guhuza no guhuza nizindi sisitemu yimodoka, nka sisitemu yo gucunga amashyanyarazi ya batiri na sisitemu yo gukonjesha amashanyarazi, kugirango habeho ingamba zose zo gucunga amashyuza.
Ibikoresho no Kurinda Ruswa: Hitamo ibikoresho bihuye na coolant yatoranijwe kandi urebe ko hafashwe ingamba zikwiye zo kurwanya ruswa kugirango hirindwe kwangirika mugihe.
Imbogamizi z'umwanya: Reba umwanya uhari imbere yikinyabiziga hamwe nigishushanyo cya moteri kugirango umenye neza uburyo bwo gukonjesha neza bitagize ingaruka kubindi bice cyangwa ibinyabiziga.
Kwizerwa no Kugabanuka: Mugihe hateguwe sisitemu yo gukonjesha, ubwizerwe bugomba gutekerezwa kandi hagomba gukoreshwa uburyo bwo gukonjesha cyangwa kugarura ibicuruzwa kugirango habeho gukora neza mugihe habaye kunanirwa kwibigize.
Kwipimisha no Kwemeza: Kora ibizamini byuzuye no kwemeza kugirango sisitemu yo gukonjesha yujuje ibisabwa kandi irashobora kugenzura neza ubushyuhe mubihe bitandukanye byo gutwara.
Ubunini bw'ejo hazaza: Reba ingaruka zishobora guterwa no kuzamura ibinyabiziga cyangwa ibinyabiziga bihinduka ku mikorere ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha.
Igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo gukonjesha moteri ikubiyemo uburyo butandukanye, guhuza ubuhanga bwubuhanga mu bijyanye nubushyuhe bwumuriro, ubukanishi bwamazi, ibikoresho bya siyansi, na electronics.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-06-2024
